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~~>FISHLINK SUBLEGALS 4/27/01<~~
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A WEEKLY QUOTA OF FISHERY SHORTS CAUGHT AND
LANDED BY THE INSTITUTE FOR FISHERIES RESOURCES
AND THE PACIFIC COAST FEDERATION OF FISHERMEN'S
ASSOCIATIONS
VOL 3, NO.17 27 APRIL 2001
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3:17/01. SALMON SEASON OPENS MAY DAY: The
commercial salmon season along much of the Pacific Coast opens
Tuesday, 1 May, with what many are expecting to equal or exceed the
2000 catch levels. Most of the focus of the early season will be off the
central and southern California coast from Half Moon Bay south to
Santa Barbara, although there will be a small quota fishery in the Fort
Bragg area in May from Shelter Cove south to Point Arena.
Consecutive wet water years and good oceanic conditions have created
the relatively abundant levels of chinook (king) salmon expected this
year, particularly Sacramento fall-run chinook populations. The fish
have been helped too, at least in the Central Valley river system, by
enforcement of the Endangered Species and Clean Water Acts helping
to improve instream habitat and flow conditions for the abundant fall-
run as well as the listed winter and spring-run chinook populations. As
of the date of this publication, no market orders had been signed
establishing the ex-vessel prices for California kings, nor was it certain
the weather would cooperate in letting the fleet out on May Day.
The opening date falls less than a month after the release of a study,
reported by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's (USDA) Nutrient
Data Laboratory, that the level of Omega-3 fatty acid in wild California
king salmon is 29.4% greater than previously recorded (see Sublegals,
3:14/03). These fish have higher levels of Omega-3 content than other
species of salmon and are considerably higher in these fatty acids than
farmed salmon. Several studies have determined that a diet rich in
Omega-3 helps to reduce the risk of heart disease and the incidence of
certain cancers; more recently the benefits of Omega-3 have been
found to increase cognitive function and to reduce depression as well
(see Sublegals, 3:15/04).
The California ocean commercial salmon fishery, as is Oregon and
Washington's, is conducted pursuant to regulations that: 1) assure a
sustainable harvest level; and 2) prevent the take of weak or ESA listed
stocks of salmon (e.g., coastal chinook, coho). Thus, like the Alaskan
salmon fishery, the California salmon fishery is sustainable, although it
has not yet sought out certification by the Marine Stewardship Council
(MSC). The threats facing California, as well as other Pacific Coast
salmon, are from inadequate streamflows, barriers to passage, water
diversions, pollution and instream habitat destruction. For more
information go to the California Salmon Council website at:
www.calkingsalmon.org .
3:17/02. KLAMATH WATER USERS REQUEST FOR
INJUNCTION DENIED: In the continuing saga over water in the
Klamath Basin (see Sublegals 3:15/07, 3:14/01, 3:13/02), an injunction
sought by local irrigators to prevent the use of water to save
endangered fish populations was denied by U.S. District Court Judge
Ann Aiken in federal court in Eugene, Oregon. The lawsuit had been
brought by several Klamath Water Project irrigation districts (Kandra
v. US, Civ. No. 01-6124 AA), seeking to overturn the Biological
Opinions (BiOps) of the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) and
the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) requiring the U.S.
Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) to keep sufficient water in the Klamath
River and Upper Klamath Lake to prevent the extinction of several
species, including downriver coho salmon. Under the current operating
plan for the Klamath Water Project, as required under the USFWS and
NMFS BiOps, some farmers dependent on the Klamath Water Project
can expect to get 70,000 acre-feet this year, but others will get no
water from the Project as a result of the current drought. After several
days of mediation in an effort to resolve the issues, the federal fishery
agencies held the line to protect the fish in spite of considerable
political pressure. Finally, when negotiations broke down, a court
hearing today, 27 April, resulted in denial of the irrigator's request for
an injunction. Electronic case files for the case are available at:
http://ecf.ord.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/DocketSheet.pl?3824 . The Court's
Order denying the injunction itself is at:
http://ecf.ord.uscourts.gov/cgi-bin/show_case_doc?112,3824 .
Judge Aiken, who heard the irrigators' request, noted that "the
scarcity of water in the Klamath River Basin is a situation likely to
reoccur. It is also a situation which demands effort and resolve on the
part of all parties to create solutions that provide water for the
necessary protection of fish, wildlife and tribal trust resources, as well
as the agricultural needs of farmers and their communities. Continued
litigation is not likely to assist in such a challenging endeavor." The
Court therefore referred the case for ongoing court mediation to
provide a neutral forum for crafting long-term solutions, a process to
which all parties have committed. The Biological Opinion for coho
salmon documents widespread habitat damage and fatal water
temperatures for many miles downriver from the Klamath Project's
Iron Gate Dam, see:
http://www.mp.usbr.gov/kbao/esa/38_cohobo_4_6-01.pdf .
The end result of the Court's order is that the Klamath Project will
deliver 70,000 acre-feet of water this year, about 20 percent of the
350,000 acre-feet the irrigators would receive in a normal water year.
However, the inflow in this drought year to Upper Klamath Lake is also
only about 21 percent of normal, making this the worst drought in the
Project's history. In response, the Oregon Department of Water
Resources is also issuing emergency well drilling permits and making
plans to purchase and deliver at least 100,000 acre-feet of water from
existing wells to help blunt the impacts of the drought. Retaining
minimum flows in the Klamath River in this drought year will help
prevent the extinction of coho salmon, allow the Iron Gate Hatchery to
continue to operate, and avoid a major fish kill which would
economically devastate downriver fishing-dependent communities and
lower river Tribes. More information on the Klamath water issues and
a copy of the Court's Order is available from a link at the top of
PCFFA's web site at: www.pcffa.org .
3:17/03. NMFS SEEKS TRAWLER CHARTER FOR OCEAN
SALMON RESEARCH: The Santa Cruz Laboratory of the National
Marine Fisheries Service will conduct research on juvenile salmonids
along the coast of central California during the period 2001to 2005.
The purpose of the study is to gather information on the early life
history and physiological condition of salmonids as they pass through
the estuary and reside in the Gulf of the Farallones during their first few
months in the ocean. This information will be used to aid in estimates
of population health and strategies for better management of the salmon
fish stocks. Field investigations will be conducted during three times
periods; March, May-July, and September-October. The National
Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) research vessels
David Starr Jordan and McArthur will be used for part of this time
when available. Commercial vessels specifically equipped to perform
midwater trawling will be chartered to augment NMFS sampling
program during the periods when the NOAA vessels are not available.
The capability to perform plankton sampling (by Tucker trawls or
bongo net tows) and conductivity, temperature, depth (CTD) instrument
casts is highly desirable to be chartered. The charters will start in San
Francisco and end in Monterey. The working area will be the Gulf of
the Farallones and Monterey Bay along the Marin, San Francisco, San
Mateo, Santa Cruz, and Monterey Counties coasts. For 2001, charters
are needed for two 14-day periods: mid to late July and the middle of
October. During each 14-day period, 12 days will be used for charter,
and 2 days for shore leave (no charter fee). Bids will be considered for
either or both of the time periods. For more information, contact Bruce
MacFarlane with NMFS Santa Cruz Laboratory at:
Bruce.Macfarlane at noaa.gov.
3:17/04. SNAKE RIVER CHINOOK THREATENED WITH
EXTINCTION, BEST RUN OF UP-RIVER COLUMBIA
SPRING-RUN ADULT CHINOOK SINCE 1938: On 25 April, the
Seattle Post-Intelligencer reported a new study has found that Snake
River chinook salmon are the "weakest populations of a run that
historically numbered 1.5 million" and "could be essentially extinct in 6
years". The study, released by Trout Unlimited, looked at seven
Columbia and Snake river runs and "predicts that unless habitat
conditions change," the weaker runs will be extinct by 2007, while the
stronger runs would be "doomed by 2033." Functional extinction,
defined as 100 or fewer returning salmon, would occur for the average
runs by 2016.
On the heels of the ominous report regarding Snake River spring-
run, Fishwire Advisory reported 27,000 spring-run chinook have passed
Bonneville Dam in one day in this year's adult run and has caused state,
federal and tribal biologists to raise their official forecast for the
upriver spring chinook run from 364,600 fish to 417,000 fish. That
would be the biggest run since record-keeping began in 1938, though
most now are hatchery-born rather than wild. Meanwhile, at the other
end of the salmon highway, nearly 70,000 fish had been counted at
Lower Granite with lots more on the way. Last year, 178,600 upriver
spring chinook -- spring chinook that spawn east of Bonneville Dam --
entered the Columbia River. For more information, go to:
http://www.newsdata.com/enernet/fishletter/fishltr123.html#3.
3:17/05. KITZHABER CALLS ON BPA TO SAVE SALMON:
At a meeting of the Northwest Power Planning Council in Spokane,
Washington on Wednesday, Oregon Governor John Kitzhaber called on
the Bonneville Power Authority (BPA) to use the extra money it makes
from the sale of electricity to help save the Columbia basin's salmon
runs. The 26 April issue of the Salem Spokesman-Review also reported
Kitzhaber recommending the BPA buy as much electricity as possible
from outside sources as a way to keep water in the reservoirs, a plan
proposed by PCFFA and others. More young salmon and steelhead will
die trying to get to the ocean because of poor water conditions in the
river or because they will be put on barges and trucks to move them
around dams, said Kitzhaber. Those losses could be cut if BPA sets
aside more money to help the fish runs. It should buy back more water
from irrigators and purchase water from reservoirs owned by private
utilities. It should also buy more power from other regions, which
would keep more water in the reservoirs behind the dams on the
Columbia River system, the Oregon Governor told the Power Planning
Council.
3:17/06. DEADLY VIRUS FOUND AT MAINE SALMON
FARM: The Portland Press-Herald reported on 22 April that a deadly
virus that has devastated fish farms in Canada has been found for the
third time at a Maine salmon farm near Cobscook Bay. State and
federal agencies say "diseases from farmed salmon and salmon
aquaculture could harm wild Atlantic salmon" which are endangered
and spawn in nearby rivers.
3:17/07. US SENATE HEARING ON ITQs: On Wednesday, 2
May, the U.S. Senate Commerce Science & Transportation
Committee's Subcommittee on Oceans & Fisheries will hold a hearing
on Senator Olympia Snowe's (R-ME) bill, the "Individual Fishing
Quota Act of 2001," S.637, to consider whether and under what
conditions individual transferrable quotas (ITQs) or individual fishing
quotas should be used in managing the nation's fisheries. S. 637 is co-
authored by the Commerce Committee's chairman, Senator John
McCain (R-AZ). Witnesses include: Lee Crockett, Executive Director,
Marine Fish Conservation Network;Patten White, Executive Director,
Maine Lobsterman's Association; Linda Behnken, Executive Director,
Alaska Longline Fishermen's Association; Joseph T. Plesha, General
Counsel, Trident Seafoods Corporation; Harlan Kay Williams,
Chairman, Gulf of Mexico Fisheries Management Council; Don Giles,
President, Icicle Seafoods; Dr.Michael K. Orbach, Professor of the
Practice of Marine Affairs & Policy, Duke University; and Jon Sutinen,
Department of Environmental & Natural Resource Economics,
University of Rhode Island.
Fishermen in traditional, small-scale fisheries fear IFQs would allow
big companies to squeeze them out of their livelihood or take their
boats and employ them as hired hands (sharecroppers), which has
happened where IFQ programs have been tried without the safeguards
the Marine Fish Conservation Network (of which both PCFFA and IFR
are members) are recommending. "While I do not favor IFQs in
principle, Senator Snowe's bill presents a good compromise, because it
seeks to address many of my concerns," said Pat White, Executive
Director of the Maine Lobsterman's Association in his written
statement to the subcommittee. "I support the bill as written, and would
be open to changes that strengthen it, while still protecting fishermen
and their communities." White and Linda Behnken, of the Alaska
Longline Fishermen's Association, are both members of MFCN and
will testify along with the Network's Lee Crockett at the hearing.
White is also one of two fishermen members of the Pew Oceans
Commission, along with PCFFA President Pietro Parravano. The
subcommittee hearing record will be available at:
http://commerce.senate.gov/hearings/hearings.htm
3:17/08. NMFS PUBLISHES RULE TO REDUCE BYCATCH IN
TUNA PURSE SEINE FISHERY: On 23 April, the National Marine
Fisheries Service (NMFS) published notice in the Federal Register (Vol.
66, No, 78, pp. 20419-20420) of its proposed regulations for the Pacific
purse seine tuna fishery. The notice is to correct an earlier one (19 April)
that failed to state what rule the federal fishery agency was proposing (see
Sublegals, 3:16/10). The 21 April notice is a correction to the
implementation of Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission (IATTC)
recommendations to reduce bycatch in the purse seine fishery and to
establish a regional vessel register which was published on 30 March. This
rule proposes fishery conservation and management measures for the
purse seine fishery in the eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) to reduce bycatch
of juvenile tuna, non-target fish species, and non-fish species.
The measures were recommended by the IATTC and approved by the
Department of State (DOS), in accordance with the Tuna Conventions Act
of 1950. In addition, the proposed rule would establish reporting
requirements for U.S. vessels fishing for tuna in the EPO so that NMFS
can provide information to the IATTC for a regional vessel register. For
more information, contact Svein Fougner at NMFS Southwest Region
offices in Long Beach, California, (562) 980-4030.
3:17/09. BOXER RAISES OBJECTIONS TO NAVAL USE OF
LOW FREQUENCY ACTIVE SONAR IN MARINE
ENVIRONMENT: At a hearing held by the National Marine Fisheries
Service (NMFS) on 26 April, U.S. Senator Barbara Boxer (D-CA) raised
objections to NMFS' proposed rule to allow the U.S. Navy to proceed
with deployment of a low-frequency active sonar system in ocean waters.
The unknown impact on marine fish, as well as recent strandings of
marine mammals following trial operations by the Navy, has caused
Boxer and others to question the wisdom of using this technology.
PCFFA, along with a number of other fishing and conservation groups,
had raised similar objections before the California Coastal Commission
in the mid-1990's when the Navy sought to use sound deployment devices
in ocean waters offshore Monterey. Boxer is a member of the Senate's
Oceans & Fisheries Subcommittee. Contact her office at (202)224-3553
for a statement copy.
3:17/10. PFMC SCHEDULES GROUNDFISH CONFERENCE
CALL, NMFS PUBLISHES RULE FOR OBSERVERS IN PACIFIC
GROUNDFISH FLEET: On 14 May the Pacific Fishery Management
Council's (PFMC) Ad Hoc Groundfish Strategic Plan Implementation
Oversight Committee will hold a work session via teleconference call
from 0900-1200 HRS. For information on how to participate in the call,
contact the PFMC's Daniel Waldeck at (503) 326-6352 or go to the PFMC
website: http://www.pcouncil.org
In the meantime, NMFS published in the 24 April Federal Register
(Vol. 66, No. 79, pp.20609-20614) its final rule to amend the regulations
implementing the Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Management Plan
(FMP) to provide for an at-sea observation program on all limited entry
and open access catcher vessels. The rule requires vessels in the
groundfish fishery to carry observers when notified by NMFS; establishes
notification requirements for vessels that may be required to carry
observers; and establishes responsibilities and defines prohibited actions
for vessels that are required to carry observers. The at-sea observation
program is intended to improve estimates of total catch and fishing
mortality. It takes effect 24 May. Copies of the Environmental
Assessment/Regulatory Impact Review/Final Regulatory Flexibility
Analysis (EA/FRFA) may be obtained from the Pacific Fishery
Management Council (PFMC) by writing to the Pacific Council at 2130
SW Fifth Avenue, Suite 224, Portland OR 97201, or by contacting Don
McIsaac at (503) 326-6352. Send comments regarding the reporting
burden estimate or any other aspect of the collection-of-information
requirements in this final rule, including suggestions for reducing the
burden, to either the NMFS Southwest or Northwest Regional offices,
and to the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Washington, D.C.
20503 (ATTN: NOAA Desk Officer). For more information, contact
either: Svein Fougner, Southwest Region, NMFS, at:
svein.fougner at noaa.gov or Bill Robinson, Northwest Region, NMFS, at:
bill.robinson at noaa.gov
3:17/11. HOUSE HEARING ON FISHING VESSEL BUYOUTS:
The U.S. House of Representatives' Subcommittee on Fisheries
Conservation, Wildlife & Oceans will hold an oversight hearing on
capacity reduction programs, federal investments in fisheries and the
reauthorization of the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation &
Management Act on Thursday, 10 May in Washington, DC. Among those
testifying will be PCFFA Executive Director Zeke Grader and Gordon
Blue of the Alaska Marine Conservation Council (AMCC). Blue, a crab
fisherman from Dutch Harbor, will be addressing the proposed buy-back
of Alaskan crab vessels, while Grader's testimony will focus principally
on the proposed vessel buy-back for the Pacific Coast groundfish fishery
(see Sublegals, 3:15/06). For a copy of the PCFFA statement or additional
information, e-mail: PCFFAfish at aol.com.
3:17/12. NEW INTERN IN IFR OFFICE: Laure Pecquerie, of Sene
(Brittany), France, a student at the University of Rennes, will be joining
the Institute for Fisheries Resources (IFR) San Francisco office for the
next four months, as an intern. Her work will focus on coordination of
2001 World Fisheries Day (21 November) activities. Her temporary e-
mail address is: fish3ifr at mindspring.com.
3:17/13. EUROPE DEALING WITH FLEET OVERCAPACITY:
As the U.S. Congress begins addressing the issue of excess U.S. fishing
harvesting capacity (see above), the European Union is beginning to deal
with excess fleet capacity among its member states. A major article
appeared in the 27 March issue of Fishing News (pp.10-11) critiquing the
E.U.'s Common Fishery Policy's (CFP) "Green Paper" dealing with
harvesting capacity. To view the article, visit the Fishing News website
at: www.fishingnews.co.uk . For a copy of the E.U. Green Paper go to:
http://europa.eu.int/comm/fisheries/policy_en.htm . The issue of
subsidies, which have led to fleet overcapacity in Europe, is addressed in
a March article in Fishing Boat World (pp.9-11), "Subsidies for
Sustainability - How Europe Assists its Fisheries Sector." To view that
article, go to Fishing Boat World's website by way of: www.baird.com.au
3/17:14. CALIFORNIA FISH & GAME RELEASES
MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR STATE'S SQUID
FISHERY: The California Department of Fish & Game (CDFG) will
release on Monday, 30 April, its recommendations for management
measures for market squid, the state's largest commercial fishery. The
recommendations are made pursuant to 1997 legislation, SB 364, carried
by State Senator Byron Sher (D-Redwood City), at the request of PCFFA
and squid fishermen, mandating the development of a research,
conservation and management program for the growing and virtually
unregulated California squid fishery. Not only were there few regulations
on the fishery at the time, there had been no research done on the local
resource in over 25 years and little was known about the animals. The
recommendations include placing a cap on the annual harvest level at
125,000 tons (the highest ever catch level), a statewide weekend closure
on squid fishing, and a reduction in the size of the catcher vessel fleet to
83 vessels.
Earlier in the week, three measures dealing with the squid fishery
passed out of their initial California Legislature policy committees on
Tuesday, 24 April (see Sublegals, 3:16/06). Two of the bills, SB 209
(Sher) and AB 1389 (Lowenthal) would authorize the California
Department and the Fish & Game Commission to implement the
management plan developed pursuant to SB 364. For more information
on the CDFG's squid management recommendations, contact CDFG's
Marija Vojokovich at: mvojkovi at dfg2.ca.gov .
3:17/15. DOI PANEL RECOMMENDS LIFTING
MORATORIUM ON NEW OFFSHORE OIL DRILLING: In a 26
April copyrighted article, Inside EPA reports a U.S. Department of
Interior (DOI) study recommends that the Bush Administration lift a
moratorium barring ocean floor drilling for natural gas in the Gulf of
Mexico, marking the first official indication by the new Administration
that it will likely lift a prohibition put in place by the former Bush
administration nearly ten years ago. The unreleased study is scheduled to
be made public on 23 May, "Issues & Strategic Recommendations: Report
of the Subcommittee on Natural Gas on the U.S. Outer Continental Shelf
(OCS)," and says that "DOI, in consultation with industry and affected
States, should identify the five top geographic [spots] . . . in the moratoria
areas, and if possible, the most prospective areas for natural gas . . . that
industry would likely explore if allowed. These five areas would provide
the basis for a pilot to see if limited activity . . . is possible in
moratoria
areas." The OCS Subcommittee will use the report's conclusions to advise
Interior Secretary Gail Norton in what will ultimately become official
agency policy and the substance of Norton's recommendations to
Congress and President Bush, according to the Inside EPA report.
The moratorium on drilling in the OCS has been in place since the first
Bush administration and was extended in 1998 by President Clinton until
30 June 2012. These lands include Bristol Bay, Alaska, Washington state,
Oregon, California, and the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and more than 100
miles off the Florida coast. PCFFA, along with many other commercial
fishing groups, have supported the moratorium, opposing new offshore oil
drilling in some of the nation's most productive fishing grounds. The
Subcommittee report recommends that OCS be viewed as a significant
source of increased supply of natural gas to meet the national demand for
the long term. The report also recommends that Congressional funding be
increased to the Minerals Management Service (MMS) -- the DOI body
responsible for overseeing the OCS drilling program -- so that it can
discover prospective OCS drilling sites and study environmental and
social/human impact studies within the moratoria areas. The report also
adds that MMS should develop economic incentives to encourage new
drilling for natural gas in deep sea locations.
3:17/16. OPED FROM FISHERMEN OF PEW OCEANS
COMMISSION: Published 23 and 24 April 2001, in the San Jose
Mercury News, the Seattle Times other newspapers around the nation, was
an Oped, "Fishermen, government, consumers must work to revive a vital
industry," by Pietro Parravano from Half Moon Bay, CA, the president of
the Pacific Coast Federation of Fishermen's Associations and the Institute
for Fisheries Resources; and Pat White, executive director of the Maine
Lobstermen's Association from York, Maine. Both are fishermen working
with the Pew Ocean's Commission which is reviewing national ocean
policies. The article emphasizes the importance of commercial fishing
communities to local economies, and their effort in restoring and
protecting marine ecosystems and the fisheries they support. See Seattle
Times, 24 April in the paper's archives or at:
http://archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/texis/web/vortex/
display?slug=fish24&date=20010424&query=Parravano
NEWS, COMMENTS, CORRECTIONS: Submit your news items,
comments or any corrections to Natasha Benjamin, Editor at:
ifrfish at pacbell.net or call the IFR office with the news and a source at
either: (415) 561-FISH (Southwest Office) or (541) 689-2000 (Northwest
Office).
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